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Short Essay On Women Empowerment
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Short Essay On Women Empowerment
Women empowerment means making women powerful and capable of deciding for themselves. In this Essay on Women’s Empowerment, we will discuss How to Empower Women.
Women empowerment means the emancipation of women from the various grips of social-economic, political caste, and gender-based discrimination. it means granting women the liberty to form life choices. a woman may be a being with senses imagination and thoughts.
Role of women in nation-building society family peace and development. UNICEF says gender equality “means that women and men, and girls and boys. enjoy similar rights, resources opportunities, and protections.
She should be able to express them freely. Individual empowerment means possessing the self-confidence to articulate and assert the power to negotiate and choose.
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Historical backgrounds of women empowerment.
The principle of gender equality was recognized in the United Nations Charter in 1945 and the UN Declaration of human rights in 1948, The majority of development planners failed to discuss thoroughly women’s role in the development process.
1st UN Conference was held in 1975, under the motto, “Equality development and peace”. the need to integrate women into development was internationally proclaimed at the 1995 Beijing conference.
Global spectrum on women empowerment
According to Menon and Prabhu (2001), there was a strong plea for enqueueing in women’s equality on the ground that this made economic sense and spoke of “the social rate of return on investment in women being greater than the corresponding rate of men.
According to Paten (2002), women’s development. can be attained by improving her status and bargaining power within the economy.
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Issues on Women Empowerment
- Gender Inequality
- Crime against Women
- Illiteracy
- Illegal social practices
- Workplace Equality
Female illiteracy
Educating girls can improve India’s health outcomes.
Female literacy rates are directly proportional to delayed marriage
Female literacy rates in Kerala and Tamil Nadu are 92% and 73.9% respectively, while in UP and Bihar the female literacy rates are 42.2% and 33.1% respectively.
Female literacy and delayed marriage are directly proportional to fewer babies per woman (low fertility rate).
Women’s Workforce (Positive Result Of Women’s Empowerment)
India can increase its GDP by enabling more women to participate in its workforce, a 2015 study by the Mckinsey global Institute.
global index report 2017 estimates that 77% of Indian women now own a bank account against respectively, 43% and 26% in 2014 and 2011.
Considering that about 10% of India’s total entrepreneurs are women 98% of girls are concentrated in micro-enterprises and informal(99%)
17% In India, women’s contribution to GDP is smaller than the global average of 37%.
China employs 64% of its women, one of the highest levels in the world, while the US accounts for over 56%.
Bangladesh and Nepal are also ahead of us.
Gender Inequality Index (GII)
- India ranked 125 among 159 countries.
- Women hold just 12.2 percent of parliamentary seats.
- 8 percent of women over the age of 15 are part of India’s workforce compared with 79.1 percent of men.
- Have risen by just about 3% of incidents of rape have gone up by 12%.
- More than 50% of women have no valuable assets to their name.
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Measures Reforms Movement On Women Empowerment
- Constitutional recognition
- The initiative was taken by the government and NGO
- New Policy and Program
- Changes in Society
Constitutional Provisions
- The preamble starts by saying that, WE, the people of India – ( which includes the women of India also).
- Equal pay for equal work for both men and women ( Article 39(d)), maternity relief, 73rd and 74th Amendment one-third of seats reserved in panchayats and municipalities.
Government Initiative
- National Mission for Empowerment of Women (NMEW).
- Rashtriya Mahila Kosh (RMK) for the socio-economic empowerment of women.
- NGO’s like CARE INDIA, Bhartiya Gramin Mahila Sangh.
- Online portal ‘NARI’, Mahila e-Haat, Pradhan Mantri ujjawala yojana (pmuy), Sakhi one-stop centers, # Me Too Campaign
New Policy and Program
Pink is the color of the economic survey 2017-18, signifying the support to women, and violence against women and promoting women,s rights.
India has now registered its prime performance on the gender parity index.
Changes in society
- Child marriage
An estimated 140 million girls will become child brides during (2011-20). girls who marry before the age of 18 are typically denied an education.
- Honor killing
“Absolutely illegal” by the supreme court. “Rarest of rare” categories for the imposition of the death penalty on convicts.
- Women’s entry into Sabarimala temple
Women’s entry into Sabarimala temple, In the 1991 Kerala high court judgment, Women’s entry will be checked against the fundamental rights of Article 14(Equality under the law) and Article 15 of the Constitution of India (prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, sex, caste, etc.). It deducts her religious freedom assured by Article 25(1).
- Triple talaq (talaq-e-biddat) Invalid
The protection of rights on marriage bill, 2019, criminalizes triple talaq in the case of shayara bano case in 2017.
Talaq-e-biddat pronouncing talaq thrice orally or written. (Nikah Halala)
Punishment for three years, non-bailable offense after hearing the concerned women. ban in more than 20 countries including Pakistan.
- Domestic abuse
From emotional and psychological abuse to sexual and physical abuse, this continues to be an increasing problem.
- The maternity benefits (Amendment) Act 2017
Increased women’s leave entitlements from 12 to 26 weeks for all women in establishments with greater than 10 employees.
Article 42 rights to just and humane conditions of work and maternity relief. Six months of breastfeeding is important for developing immunity in the child.
Union Ministry of Health and the World Health Organization (WHO) and Family Welfare guidelines –
the child needs to be nursed by its mother for a minimum of six months.
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